The Research Journal of Maaref University of Applied Sciences (RJMU) presents its Second Edition (Vol. 2, Issue 1, February 2026) as a clear move from “launch” to continuity—a journal that intends to remain, publish regularly, and earn trust through consistent standards. As a peer-reviewed, biannual, open-access journal, RJMU emphasizes double-blind review, strong publication ethics, and research that is transparent, citable, and useful beyond the moment of publication. 
This edition includes 28 peer-reviewed contributions across engineering, computing and cybersecurity, education and language studies, management, and applied health/lab research. Readers will find studies on human–robot communication, autonomous robotics and control (including PSO-PID approaches), Android malware detection using machine learning, and AI-supported decision policies using big-data analytics. It also features work on digital accounting transformation, responsible procurement in e-commerce, legal education in an AI-driven future, and several papers on educational linguistics, online language teaching, and World Englishes—showing the journal’s interdisciplinary range.
The issue is distributed under Creative Commons (CC BY-NC 4.0), inviting readers in Syria and worldwide to engage critically and turn research into practical impact.

Published: 2026-02-15

Editorial

Ahmed Abu Hajar, Mustafa Kayyali (Author)

Pages 4

The Communication Gap in Between Humans and Robots

Khalefa Kheder , Abduljalil Najjar , Abdulrahman Ahmed, Ammar Fashtouk , Mohammed Bostany , Abdullah Abdulrahman (Author)

Pages 9

Hybrid Random Forest and XGBoost Approach for Android Malware Detection

Abdul Museeb , Yaman Hamed , Hao Louis Tan (Author)

Pages 6

Geo-Economic Pathways to Peace: Innovative Domestic Business Functions for Resilient Economies with Zero Tariff

Md Sajidur Rahman , Tarekol Islam Maruf , Khatun Most Eramin, Motia Mannan (Author)

Pages 10

Coaxial Electrospinning of Tin Oxide to Improve Its Gas-Sensitive Properties

Wafaa Yakhne , Jamal Kassem Alshar, M. A. Batal (Author)

Pages 4

Assessment of Knowledge and Awareness of Antibiotic Resistance Among University Students and Academics in Syria

Khalefa Kheder , Tharaa Al Khodor , Doaa Hawa , Elham Hassal , Nour Al Yousef, Lujain Maraati , Esraa zyadi , Salwa Bakir (Author)

Pages 11

The Views of EFL University Students on English Language Skills and How They Can Improve them

Khalefa Kheder , Yousef Aref , Abdul-Aziz Al-Izzo, Yazan Al-Mahmoud , Abdurrahman Shaira , Mohamad Al-Sadeer (Author)

Pages 7

Literature Review: Determinants and Interventions for Optimizing Medication Adherence

Khalefa Kheder , Mohammad Foad Sayed, Saleh Alghawy, Eyas Mohammed Khatib, Mohamad Adel Shekho (Author)

Pages 7